The Hilbert scheme of space curves of small diameter

Kleppe, Jan Oddvar

doi:10.5802/aif.2214

The Hilbert scheme of space curves of small diameter
[Le schéma de Hilbert des courbes de petit diamètre]

Kleppe, Jan Oddvar ¹

¹ Oslo University College Faculty of Engineering Pb. 4 St. Olavs plass 0130, Oslo (Norway)

Annales de l'Institut Fourier, Tome 56 (2006) no. 5, pp. 1297-1335.

Résumé
Abstract

Cet article concerne des courbes gauches $C$ de degré $d$ et de genre $g$ , d’idéal homogène $I$ et de module de Rao $M = H_{*}^{1} (\tilde{I})$ ; les résultats principaux portent sur les courbes qui vérifient $_{0} {Ext}_{R}^{2} (M, M) = 0$ (e.g. de diamètre, $diam M \leq 2$ ). Pour de telles courbes nous trouvons des conditions nécessaires et suffisantes pour être non obstruées et nous calculons la dimension du schéma de Hilbert, $H (d, g)$ en $(C)$ sous des conditions suffisantes. Dans le cas du diamètre 1, les conditions nécessaires et suffisantes coïncident et la condition d’être non obstruée s’avère être équivalente à l’annulation de certains nombres de Betti gradués de la résolution libre minimale de $I$ . Plus généralement, en prenant des déformations convenables de $C$ , nous montrons comment éliminer les facteurs directs libres répétés (“termes-fantômes”) dans la résolution minimale de $I$ , conduisant à une description relativement concrète du nombre des composantes irréductibles de $H (d, g)$ qui contiennent une courbe obstruée de diamètre 1. Nous prouvons aussi que chaque composante irréductible de $H (d, g)$ est réduite au cas de diamètre 1.

This paper studies space curves $C$ of degree $d$ and arithmetic genus $g$ , with homogeneous ideal $I$ and Rao module $M = H_{*}^{1} (\tilde{I})$ , whose main results deal with curves which satisfy $_{0} {Ext}_{R}^{2} (M, M) = 0$ (e.g. of diameter, $diam M \leq 2$ ). For such curves we find necessary and sufficient conditions for unobstructedness, and we compute the dimension of the Hilbert scheme, $H (d, g)$ , at $(C)$ under the sufficient conditions. In the diameter one case, the necessary and sufficient conditions coincide, and the unobstructedness of $C$ turns out to be equivalent to the vanishing of certain graded Betti numbers of the free minimal resolution of $I$ . More generally by taking suitable deformations of $C$ we show how to kill repeated direct free factors (“ghost-terms”) in the minimal resolution of $I$ , leading to a rather concrete description of the number of irreducible components of $H (d, g)$ which contains an obstructed diameter one curve. We also show that every irreducible component of $H (d, g)$ is reduced in the diameter one case.

MR Zbl

DOI : 10.5802/aif.2214

Classification : 14C05, 14H50, 14B10, 14B15, 13D10, 13D02, 13D07, 13C40
Keywords: Hilbert scheme, space curve, Buchsbaum curve, unobstructedness, cup-product, graded Betti numbers, ghost term, linkage, normal module, postulation Hilbert scheme
Mot clés : schéma de Hilbert, courbe de l’espace, courbe de Buschsbaum, non obstruction, nombres de Betti gradués, termes-fantômes, lien, module normal, schéma de Hilbert

Affiliations des auteurs :

Kleppe, Jan Oddvar ¹

¹ Oslo University College Faculty of Engineering Pb. 4 St. Olavs plass 0130, Oslo (Norway)

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     title = {The {Hilbert} scheme of space curves of small diameter},
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Kleppe, Jan Oddvar. The Hilbert scheme of space curves of small diameter. Annales de l'Institut Fourier, Tome 56 (2006) no. 5, pp. 1297-1335. doi : 10.5802/aif.2214. https://aif.centre-mersenne.org/articles/10.5802/aif.2214/

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